WEF科研系列讲座(二)：为农业和食品安全创建害虫管理工具箱

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　　WEF科研系列讲座(二)：为农业和食品安全创建害虫管理工具箱

　　讲座题目：Creating pest management toolbox for agriculture and food safety with reference to bionematicide pasteuria penetrans

　　讲座时间：2019年4月23日19:00-20:30 pm

　　讲座地点：南京农业大学图书馆1楼报告厅

　　主讲人：陈忠孝教授(Pro. Zhongxiao Michael Chen)

　　主讲人简介：

　　陈忠孝(Zhongxiao Michael Chen)，浙江农业大学(现浙江大学)学士、硕士，美国佛罗里达大学博士，美国农业部博士后。自2000年5月起从事美国农业部的小宗作物的农药登记、优良实验室规范和质量保证工作，先后在密歇根州立大学的国家食品安全和毒理中心、昆虫系任应用教授，现为美国中北部12州农业质量保证研究中心主任。陈教授在农作物病虫害防治、综合防治、农药残留、农药生态毒理、昆虫学、线虫学、线虫生物防治、食品安全、风险评估、小宗作物的农药登记、优良实验室规范和质量保证等领域具有丰富经验，现有小宗作物的农药登记和残留标准近10000多个。对美国的食品安全法、农药登记法、小宗作物的农药安全使用和标准、风险评估等有丰富的经验和研究。对农药的合理使用、抗性管理、复合制剂、病虫害的全程管理有丰富的经验和兴趣。受邀在中国、美国、印尼、肯尼亚和泰国等国际会议或者国际培训班做报告36次，为6个国际学术期刊的审稿人。先后取得过中国农业部的丰收计划奖(2次)、农业部科技进步三等奖，发表论文近45篇，英国CABI出版社出的专著二本，近60个会议和学术报告和3200余技术报告。论文被引用超过650次。获得联邦经费超过1000万美元。期望在国内能开展线虫学、线虫生物防治、化学防治的研究和教学，也希望能开展食品安全和农药登记方面的合作和交流。

　　讲座摘要：

　　In modern agriculture, farmers depend on safe and effective chemical pesticides that supplement their pest control practices to maintain crop yields and protect the health of animals. The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) of the United Statesrequires that tolerances (or maximum residue limit, MRL) must be established for all pesticides used in agricultural food production. A tolerance is the maximum residue limit of the pesticide in or on the crop that is considered safe and legally acceptable which is also a food safety standard strictly enforced in both domestic and international markets.

　　In 1963, the Inter-Regional Research Project #4 (IR-4) was initiated by the State Agricultural Experiment Station Directors and USDA Cooperative State Research Service aiming at providing pest management solutions to growers of minor crops. Currently, minor (specialty) crops make up about 46% of the totalU. S.agricultural production and value at $60 billion annually. IR-4 is the federally funded to conduct supervised field trials and pesticide residue analysis to provide the residue data needed for obtaining pesticide tolerances with US Environment Protection Agency (EPA).

　　Beginning in 1989, EPA requested that all IR-4 projects of tolerance petitions be conducted under the stringent Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) Standards (40 CFR 160). The Good Laboratory Practices was implemented to place quality controls on study conduct and reporting of data to EPA and prevent fraudulent or criminal misconduct of studies. Currently, over 37 countries, mostly developed countries, adapted GLP standards in regulatory studies supporting pharmaceutical and agrichemical registrations. Collectively, IR-4 efforts yielded over 20,000 pesticide use registrations and tolerances on over 600 crops grown in US. IR-4 also contributed significant efforts in global tolerance harmonization to promote global food trades. The pest management toolbox developed by IR-4 played a significant role in integrated pest management and pest resistance management to secure food productions and food safety.

　　At the research front, a compound pesticide named “Shiwenling” was successfully developed in China for controlling of rice plant-hoppers and rice sheath disease. A bionematicide, Pasteuria penetrans, was investigated for controlling of root-knot nematodes. The latter was eventually commercialized in U.S. and was the sole biocontrol agent ever successfully developed in the field of nematology.

　　激励计划：

　　为吸引更多对WEF领域有兴趣、有潜力的南农学子参与国际交流，培养具有国际视野的未来WEF领域科研人才，本系列讲座设置交流专项奖学金，并以积分制归入2019亚洲农业中心潜力学子培养计划。积分前列的年度优秀学子将获得2020年为期4周的美国密歇根州立大学WEF研究方向暑期夏令营免费参与名额，为期1周的东南亚WEF国际会议免费参与名额等。详见亚洲农业研究中心微信公众号：Asia Hub。

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